PVPipe Architecture

System Architecture Overview

PVPipe is built using a microservices architecture that ensures scalability, maintainability, and resilience.

Architecture Diagram

graph TB
    subgraph "Client Layer"
        WEB[Web App - Next.js]
        MOBILE[Mobile App - React Native]
    end

    subgraph "API Gateway"
        NGINX[Nginx Ingress]
    end

    subgraph "Application Layer"
        API[Main API - NestJS]
        AUTH[Auth Service - Go]
        FILES[Files Service - Go]
        EMAIL[Email Service]
        PDF[PDF Service]
    end

    subgraph "Data Layer"
        PG[(PostgreSQL)]
        REDIS[(Redis)]
        S3[AWS S3]
    end

    subgraph "External Services"
        VNPT[VNPT SmartCA]
        SMTP[Email Provider]
    end

    WEB --> NGINX
    MOBILE --> NGINX
    NGINX --> API
    NGINX --> AUTH
    NGINX --> FILES

    API --> PG
    API --> REDIS
    API --> EMAIL
    API --> PDF

    AUTH --> PG
    AUTH --> REDIS

    FILES --> S3
    FILES --> PG

    PDF --> VNPT
    EMAIL --> SMTP

Core Components

1. Frontend Applications

Web Application (Next.js)

• Purpose: Main user interface for document management
• Technologies: Next.js 14, TypeScript, Tailwind CSS
• Key Features:
  • Server-side rendering for performance
  • Real-time updates via WebSocket
  • Progressive Web App capabilities

Mobile Application (React Native)

• Purpose: Mobile access to core features
• Technologies: React Native, TypeScript
• Platforms: iOS and Android

2. Backend Services

Main API (NestJS)

• Purpose: Core business logic and orchestration
• Responsibilities:
  • Document workflow management
  • User management
  • Project and task management
  • Integration coordination

Authentication Service (Go)

• Purpose: Handle authentication and authorization
• Features:
  • JWT token management
  • OTP generation and verification
  • Session management
  • Role-based access control

Files Service (Go)

• Purpose: File upload and management
• Features:
  • Multipart upload support
  • File versioning
  • Virus scanning integration
  • Thumbnail generation

Email Service

• Purpose: Email integration and management
• Features:
  • IMAP/SMTP integration
  • Email parsing and threading
  • Attachment handling

PDF Service

• Purpose: PDF processing and manipulation
• Features:
  • PDF generation
  • Digital signature placement
  • PDF merging and splitting
  • OCR capabilities

3. Data Storage

PostgreSQL

• Purpose: Primary data store
• Usage:
  • User data
  • Document metadata
  • Workflow states
  • Audit logs

Redis

• Purpose: Caching and session storage
• Usage:
  • Session management
  • API response caching
  • Rate limiting
  • Real-time features

AWS S3

• Purpose: Object storage
• Usage:
  • Document storage
  • File attachments
  • Backup storage

Communication Patterns

Synchronous Communication

• REST APIs for client-server communication
• gRPC for inter-service communication (where applicable)

Asynchronous Communication

• Redis Pub/Sub for real-time updates
• Bull queues for background jobs
• WebSocket for real-time client updates

Security Architecture

Authentication Flow

1. User login with credentials
2. OTP verification (if enabled)
3. JWT token generation
4. Token refresh mechanism

Authorization

• Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
• Resource-level permissions
• API key authentication for external integrations

Data Security

• Encryption at rest (database)
• Encryption in transit (HTTPS)
• Document encryption for sensitive files

Deployment Architecture

Kubernetes Deployment

• Namespaces: Separate environments (dev, staging, production)
• Services: LoadBalancer for external access
• Ingress: Nginx ingress controller
• Secrets: Kubernetes secrets for sensitive data

Scaling Strategy

• Horizontal Pod Autoscaling for services
• Database read replicas for read-heavy operations
• CDN for static assets

Monitoring and Observability

Metrics

• Prometheus for metrics collection
• Grafana for visualization

Logging

• Centralized logging with ELK stack
• Structured logging format

Tracing

• OpenTelemetry for distributed tracing
• Jaeger for trace visualization

Disaster Recovery

Backup Strategy

• Daily database backups
• S3 cross-region replication
• Configuration backups in Git

High Availability

• Multi-zone deployment
• Database replication
• Service redundancy

Future Considerations

Planned Improvements

• Event-driven architecture with Kafka
• GraphQL API gateway
• Machine learning for document classification
• Blockchain integration for document verification